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Lab Cheat Sheets
Quick chemical formulas, reaction rules, and equation references grouped by year level.
Year 9Fundamentals
States of Matter
Particle arrangement, energy levels, and phase changes in solids, liquids, and gases.
Example Formula
Water (Liquid):H2O (l)
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Year 9Acids & Bases
Acids & Bases
Understanding the pH scale, proton donors (acids), and hydroxide release (bases).
Example Formula
Hydrochloric Acid:HCl
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Year 10Equations
Balancing Chemical Equations
Applying the Law of Conservation of Mass so atom counts match on both sides.
Example Formula
Unbalanced:H2 + O2 → H2O
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Year 10Reactions
Types of Chemical Reactions
Identifying Synthesis, Decomposition, Combustion, and Neutralisation reactions.
Example Formula
Neutralisation:HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H2O
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Year 9Fundamentals
Chemical Bonds & Structure
Understanding how atoms share or transfer electrons to form stable compounds.
Example Formula
Covalent Compound:CO2 (Carbon Dioxide)
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Year 10Equations
Writing Chemical Formulas
Translating chemical names into standardized symbolic formulas.
Example Formula
Calcium Carbonate:CaCO3
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